A church put advertisements in its weekly bulletins to encourage its members to participate in the services by telling a brief, positive story about how fellow members have helped them during times of need. Jack volunteered and shared his story during a service. Afterwards, he felt joyous. Was this an exchange in a marketing sense?
a. Yes, because the church ran an advertisement, a marketing activity.
b. No, because the church is nonprofit organization and these actions are expected without any expectation of "exchange."
c. No, because no money was exchanged.
d. Yes, because sharing his story at a service was exchanged for a feeling of joy.
e. No, because the church did not provide Jack with a tangible product or service.
Answer: D