Sandré and Moreau Pvt. Ltd. is a firm based in France that manufactures and sells dark chocolate bars and other chocolates under the brand name, ChocoNoir. The firm sold the right to Duvall & Reese Ltd., based in the United States, to use its brand name, products, and processes to manufacture and sell dark chocolate bars in return for a payment and a percentage of the revenues that would be gained by Duvall & Reese Ltd. Which of the following was being implemented by Sandré and Moreau Pvt. Ltd.?

Sandré and Moreau Pvt. Ltd. is a firm based in France that manufactures and sells dark chocolate bars and other chocolates under the brand name, ChocoNoir. The firm sold the right to Duvall & Reese Ltd., based in the United States, to use its brand name, products, and processes to manufacture and sell dark chocolate bars in return for a payment and a percentage of the revenues that would be gained by Duvall & Reese Ltd. Which of the following was being implemented by Sandré and Moreau Pvt. Ltd.?


A. Licensing
B. Exporting
C. Franchising
D. Joint venture
E. Strategic alliance


Answer: C. Franchising


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