Hofstede's data on cultural values suggest that:
A. countries that are high on individualism and low on uncertainty avoidance tend to be more innovative.
B. diffusion of innovations will be slower in countries that are low on individualism and high on uncertainty avoidance.
C. individuals from individualistic cultures tend to respond more favorably to other-focused appeals.
D. self-focused appeals tend to attract people from collectivistic cultures.
E. collectivistic cultures tend to be more emotionally bent than individualistic cultures.
Answer: B. diffusion of innovations will be slower in countries that are low on individualism and high on uncertainty avoidance.
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International Marketing Chapter 4
- The Westernized diet has caused many Japanese to become overweight. This is an example of _____ change.
- Nexar Energy is advocating the use of solar power to replace all petroleum-based energy sources. The company holds demonstrations to show how solar power could be used in all major petroleum-based products—automobiles, power sources, and heating and cooling. Nexar Energy is employing a strategy of _____, a deliberate attempt to change the way we do things with respect to energy sources.
- Morton Foods has decided to introduce a new line of turkey products to the American consumer. Turkey steaks resemble beefsteak in taste but are made from turkey meat, and are leaner and healthier for a variety of reasons. However, the company is concerned that the product will not be accepted in America. If Morton Foods follows a strategy of _____, they are more likely to have a successful introduction of the new product.
- The first step in bringing about planned change in a society is to:
- Marketing strategy is judged culturally in terms of _____.
- The strategy of _____ deliberately sets out to change those aspects of the culture offering resistance to predetermined marketing goals.
- ____ refers to a strategy that involves marketing products similar to ones already on the market thereby minimizing resistance.
- Modern medicine has thrived in the United States together with the use of herbal remedies from South America. This is an example of:
- With regard to resistance to change, observations indicate that those innovations most readily accepted are those that:
- Which of the following is the most important factor in determining what kind and how much of an innovation will be accepted by a culture?
- To the foreign marketer, the similar-but-different feature of cultures has important meaning in gaining cultural _____.
- _____ is a responsible effort to learn from others' cultural ways in the quest for better solutions to a society's particular problems.
- ____ refers to being attuned to the nuances of culture so that a new culture can be viewed objectively, evaluated, and appreciated.
- Based on Richard Nisbett's metaphor involving Confucius's worthy picture, what is his analysis regarding the thought process or perceptual process of Westerners?
- Feng shui is a Chinese ____, considered to be the process that links humans and the universe to ch'i, the energy that sustains life and flows through our bodies and surroundings, in and around our homes and workplaces.
- The aesthetics of a culture must be taken into account by marketers when:
- Linguistic distance is an important factor that helps in determining differences in values across countries and the amount of trade between countries because:
- In the context of the relationship between language and international marketing, recent studies indicate that a new concept, _____, is proving useful to marketing researchers in market segmentation and strategic entry decisions.
- In some parts of the world, language is itself thought of as a social institution, often with political importance. Which of the following countries best exemplifies the above statement?
- The anthropologist, Edward T. Hall tells us that culture is:
- In the context of the elements of culture, rituals are patterns of behavior and interaction that are:
- Based on the Individualism/Collectivism Index, in which of the following cultures will the "virtual social" activity of online chatting be most acceptable?
- Cultural values can predict such consumer behaviors as _____ and impulsive buying.
- Which of the following terms pertains to societies in which people from birth onward are integrated into strong, cohesive groups?