A fast-food franchisee is required by its franchisor to buy unmarked plastic eating utensils from the franchisor if the franchisee wants to use the cups, napkins, and other paper products with the franchise logo. The franchisee can buy the identical utensils from a local supplier for half the price. This requirement would be an example of:
A.
a dual distribution network.
B.
a refusal to deal.
C.
disintermediation.
D.
a tying arrangement.
Answer: D
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Marketing
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