Which of the following concerns internal validity?

Which of the following concerns internal validity?



a. The extent to which the change in the dependent variable was actually due to the independent variable
b. The measurement of extraneous variables that is internal to the experimental setting itself
c. The extent that the observed relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is generalizable to the real world
d. The representativeness of the sample test units


Answer: a. The extent to which the change in the dependent variable was actually due to the independent variable


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