The management at Granger Industries is evaluating their distribution system to determine if cost-cutting measures will impact performance. Ralph, an employee with experience in the implementation of total quality management programs, suggests that the company should consider synergies between elements of the distribution system instead of judging each activity on its own merits. Ralph is trying to avoid:
a. polarization.
b. suboptimization.
c. the optimism bias.
d. the framing problem.
Answer: B