A census refers to
a.
a situation where marketing performance can be significantly improved by undertaking new activities.
b.
building complex models of cause-effect relationships
c.
formalized research procedures that can be characterized as logical, objective, systematic, reliable, valid, impersonal, and on going in nature
d.
raw data and structures that have yet to receive any type of meaningful interpretation
e.
a researcher's decision that it is important to contact and question or observe all members of a target population
Answer: E