European consumers have faced a number of food-related issues, including an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth disease and continuing concerns over mad cow disease. As a result, many are skeptical about GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) and the benefits of eating food products that incorporate genetically-engineered ingredients. As one French citizen noted recently, "We have a very risk-averse society that has been completely traumatized by food scares." Thinking about this situation in terms of Hofstede's cultural values framework, one might reasonably interpret this remark to indicate that France ranks relatively high in:
A) Power Distance.
B) Short-term Orientation.
C) Masculinity.
D) Uncertainty Avoidance.
E) Individualism.
Answer: D) Uncertainty Avoidance.
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Global Marketing Chapter 4
- A massive effort dubbed as "Moses Project" is underway in Venice in order to:
- Coca-Cola billboards were recently put up near the Piazza San Marco in Venice, which has numerous historical landmarks. The major reason for allowing the billboards at a prominent historical site is:
- Despite the fact that the American team advanced to the semi-finals in South Africa, the game is much more popular in other parts of the world. There is an effort to make soccer popular in the United States, and many fashion brands are interesting in marketing their products which pertain to soccer and other sports. Considering this aspect which of the following statements is incorrect?
- Which of the following is true about "coffee culture" in England?
- The ________ the level of environmental sensitivity for a given product, the ________ the need for managers to address country-specific economic, regulatory, technological, social and cultural environmental conditions.
- Which of the following is arranged starting with the highest level of environmental sensitivity and ending with the lowest level?
- Comparing and contrasting the diffusion of innovations in Western countries and in Asia, one can say that:
- Which of the following is true about the innovation diffusion process in Asia?
- Adopter categories are classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness. Recently Apple introduced the iPhone for which people waited in long lines before the doors opened. According to experts these 2.5% of people who bought the iPhone are categorized as:
- A few years ago, Philips Electronics developed a new consumer electronics product called the Digital Compact Cassette player. DCC did more than allow users to record and playback in a new digital format; DCC was also designed to play the older, analog cassette tapes that many people own. However, die-hard audio buffs were the only ones to buy DCC and Philips ultimately discontinued the product. Which of the following statements based on adopter categories describes this?
- If a marketing manager plans to enter the newly industrializing countries (NICs) or other Asia markets with a product that has proved to be successful in the home market, the product's diffusion processes are likely to be:
- Together, innovators and early adopters make up about ________ of the potential market for a new product.
- In the 1990s, Philips Electronics developed a new consumer electronics product called the Digital Compact Cassette player. DCC allowed users to record and playback in a new digital format; DCC was also designed to play the older, analog cassette tapes that many people own. This latter feature reflects which of the following characteristics of innovations?
- To speed adoption of a new product, the marketing team should:
- That floppy disks are being dumped in favor of USB mass storage devices can be attributed to which characteristics of innovation?
- Which of the following can negatively influence the rate of diffusion of an innovation?
- Which of the following shows the correct order of the product adoption process?
- One of the basic elements of sociologist Everett Roger's Diffusion theory is the concept of an "adoption process." The first step in this adoption process is:
- When Walt Disney Company's executives were planning to build a theme park in France, they firmly believed that the success of McDonald's and Coke as well as their success in Tokyo Disneyland ensures the runaway success of their plans. Disney policies prohibit sale or consumption of alcohol inside the theme parks which they also implemented in France. This proved to be a failure since consuming wine with the midday meal is a long-established custom in France. This is most likely a classical example of:
- The lesson that SRC (Self-Reference Criterion) teaches can be summarized as:
- Which of the following best sums up the experience of Walt Disney Company executives when creating Disney's theme park in Paris?
- The Walt Disney Company's decision to build a theme park in France provides an excellent vehicle to understanding SRC (Self-Reference Criterion). All of the statements listed below portray this meaning except:
- Procter & Gamble's introduction of All-Temperature Cheer laundry detergent in Japan was a flop at first. The problem was that Japanese women wash clothes in cold water—either tap water or leftover bath water—so they don't care about all-temperature washing (which is a big selling point in the United States). Also, Cheer was first introduced in Japan at a time when the market for fabric softeners in Japan was rapidly expanding. However, when Japanese housewives added lots of fabric softener to the water, Cheer didn't produce many suds (Americans don't use as much fabric softener). P&G reformulated the product so it wouldn't be affected by fabric softeners, and ads for Cheer in Japan pledged superior cleaning in cold water, not all temperatures. Which of the following might have helped P&G avoid the initial problems with Cheer?
- Danes generally are not afraid of taking chances; they are comfortable doing things that are not carefully thought out or planned. Denmark's "flexicurity" policy combines free labor markets with adjustable welfare benefits. This is an example of the application of Hofstede's typology under the values which highlight: